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Every year, news and environmental reports mention “hotspots” seen from satellites. These glowing red dots on digital maps often trigger public concern, especially during dry seasons. But what exactly are they? And do they always indicate wildfire? Defining a HotspotA…
Mining is a critical industry that fuels modern infrastructure, technology, and global economies. The path from raw ore beneath the earth’s surface to refined metal in industrial use is a multi-stage process involving science, engineering, and logistics. This journey involves…
Forest MonitoringIn the era of digital transparency and environmental accountability, spatial data has become a powerful tool for activism, policy-making, and sustainable land management. One of the most accessible and widely used tools in this space is QGIS (Quantum GIS)—a…
In today’s global forest management landscape, legality is often treated as the baseline for responsible forest use. Yet one crucial question is often overlooked: What if all forests are legal but not sustainable? The assumption that legality equals sustainability is…
Legal forest governance is essential to preserving biodiversity, protecting indigenous communities, and combating climate change. As global trade in timber and other forest products continues to grow, it becomes increasingly important to verify the legality of forest use permits—both for…
IntroductionIndonesia is home to one of the largest and most valuable mining sites in the world — the Grasberg Mine. Located in Papua, this site plays a strategic role in supplying essential metals to the global market while also contributing…
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has captured global attention since its launch, not only for its stunning images of deep space but also for the groundbreaking science it enables. However, along with the excitement, many misconceptions have surfaced about…
What if fast, stable internet wasn’t just a luxury for cities—but a right for everyone, everywhere?That’s the mission behind Starlink, the ambitious satellite internet project by SpaceX. Using a network of satellites orbiting Earth, Starlink is making it possible to…
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has revolutionized our understanding of the universe. Launched in 1990 aboard the space shuttle Discovery, Hubble was the first major optical telescope to be placed in space, far above Earth’s atmosphere. This unique position allows…